Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

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Implementasi Fungsi Pengawasan Dewan Perwakilan Daerah Terhadap Pelaksanaan Undang Undang

Dewan Perwakilan Daerah adalah lembaga baru, terbentuk berdasarkan hasil perubahan Ketiga UUD 1945. Lembaga baru ini diberi fungsi antara lain, fungsi pengawasan terbatas sebagaimana dalam Bab VIIA, Pasal 22D ayat (3) UUD 1945. Fungsi pengawasan ini dijabarkan dalam UU. No. 27 Tahun 2009 tentang MPR, DPR, DPD dan DPRD. Pada kenyataannya, kewenangan menjalankan fungsi pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan undang-undang mengandung tiga permasalahan: Pertama, apakah dalam ketentuan perundang-undangan yang ada memberikan kewajiban kepada DPD menjalankan fungsi pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan undang-undang? Kedua, apakah kelemahan dalam pengaturan dan kelemahan implementasi pengawasan DPD terhadap pelaksanaan undang-undang? Ketiga, Bagaimanakah perimbangan pengawasan DPD dan DPR atas pelaksanaan undang-undang? Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif, yaitu terutama mengkaji ketentuan-ketentuan hukum positif dan menelusuri asas-asas hukum yang terdapat dalam hukum positif. Penggunaan pendekatan yuridis normatif dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui, memahami dan menganalisis serta menemukan problematika dan solusi implementasi fungsi pengawasan DPD terhadap pelaksanaan undang-undang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa sesuai gagasan awalnya, DPD hendak diberi peran mewakili daerah dalam merumuskan kebijakan strategis pada tingkat nasional. Selain itu, hendak dijadikan sebagai kamar kedua dalam sistem perwakilan dua kamar, berfungsi mengawasi eksekutif dan kamar lainnya dalam rangka checks and balances. Namun kenyataanya: Pertama, tidak terdapat sinkronisasi hubungan wewenang DPD dengan gagasan pembentukannya. Rumusan Pasal 22D ayat (3) UUD 1945, tidak meletakkan kewajiban kepada DPD untuk melakukan pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan undang-undang. Kedua, adanya kelemahan pengaturan DPD dalam UUD, sehingga menjadi kendala baik untuk pengaturan lebih lanjut dalam undang-undang dan pengaturan teknis, maupun dalam implementasi pengawasan dan hasil-hasilnya. Ketiga, timbul pula ketidakseimbangan wewenang DPD dengan DPR. Fungsi, tugas dan wewenang serta hak yang diberikan kepada DPD tidak bermakna apabila dibandingkan dengan hak institusional DPR berupa hak angket, interpelasi dan menyatakan pendapat. Dengan demikian diperlukan solusi mendasar, yaitu melakukan perubahan kelima UUD 1945, yakni penguatan wewenang berinisiatif dan kemandirian melaksanakan fungsi pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan undang-undang. Untuk meminimalisir kelemahan saat ini, diperlukan konvensi ketatanegaraan. Selain itu UU. No. 27 Tahun 2009 di atas dan Ketentuan mengenai Tata Tertib DPD perlu diubah dengan memberi peluang lebih berarti bagi kepentingan daerah.

The House of Regional Representative is a new institution, created on the basis of amendment in the 1945 Constitution third. This new institution was given the function, among others, limited control function, as in Chapter VIIA, Article 22D paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution. control functions are defined in the Law No. 27 of 2009 on the People’s Consultative Assembly, House of Representatives, House of Regional Representatives and Local House of Representatives. In fact, the authority to control function the implementation of legislation contains three problems: First, whether the provisions of existing legislation provides an obligation to the House of Regional Representatives carry out the functions supervise the law enforcement? Second, whether the weakness in the regulation and supervision of implementation of the House of Regional Representatives weakness of law enforcement? Third, how is the balance of the House of Regional Representatives and House of Representatives control over the law enforcement? The method used is the normative juridical approach, which is mainly review the provisions of positive law and trace the legal principles contained in the positive law.Use of a normative juridical approach is meant to know, understand and analyze and find the problem and solution implementation House of Regional Representatives control function of law enforcement. The results showed, in accordance with the original idea, House of Regional Representatives would be given the role of representing the region in formulating strategic policy at the national level. In addition, about to be used as a second chamber in a bicameral system, to monitor the executive and other chambers in the context of checks and balances. However the reality: First, there is no synchronization relationship with the notion of authority House of Regional Representatives formation. Formulation of Article 22D paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution, does not put an obligation to the House of Regional Representatives to control the law enforcement. Second, a weakness in the setting of House of Regional Representatives in the Constitution, so be an obstacle for further arrangements in the legislation and technical arrangements, as well as in monitoring the implementation and results. Third, there is also an imbalance of power between the Council and the House of Representatives. Functions, duties and authority as well as the rights granted to the House of Regional Representatives is not significant when compared with the rights of House of Representatives as the inquiry, the interpellation and express opinions. Thus the fundamental solution is required, the fifth change the 1945 Constitution, namely the strengthening of the authority took the initiative and independence of control of the implementation of the law enforcement. To minimize the current weakness, constitutional convention is needed. In addition the Law No. 27 of 2009 on the Provisions on the Procedures and the House of Regional Representatives should be changed to provide more meaningful opportunities for regional interests.

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