Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI BIDAN PRAKTEK SWASTA DALAM MELAKSANAKAN INISIASI MENYUSU DINI DI KABUPATEN BANTUL PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA TAHUN 2012

Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2010, cakupan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini pada bayi secara nasional sangat rendah yaitu 29,3 %. Demikian pula cakupan di Kabupaten Bantul pada tahun 2011 masih rendah yaitu 43,42%. Hasil kajian teoretis,rendahnya cakupan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini diduga karena faktor predisposisi, pemungkin dan faktor pendorong. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktorfaktor yang memengaruhi Bidan Praktek Swasta dalam melaksanakan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Bantul menggunakan rancangan penelitian mixed method dengan strategi embedded konkuren. Sumber data berasal dari responden Bidan Praktek Swasta dan ibu bersalin di Kabupaten Bantul. Cara pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner tertutup dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Faktor predisposisi (umur bidan,pendidikan bidan, lama bekerja bidan, pengetahuan bidan dan sikap bidan), hanya sikap bidan yang berpengaruh secara bermakna terhadap Inisiasi Menyusu Dini dengan nilai p<0,001 (p<0,05); 2) Faktor pemungkin (pelatihan bidan) berpengaruh secara bermakna terhadap Inisiasi Menyusu Dini dengan nilai p=0,004 (p<0,05);3) Hasil analisis multivariabel menunjukkan bahwa sikap bidan paling berpengaruh terhadap Inisiasi Menyusu Dini dengan nilai OR=6,16 (95% CI: 2,27-16,71). Untuk mencapai keberhasilan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini, pada faktor predisposisi penting memperhatikan variabel karakter bidan, pada faktor pemungkin perlu memperhatikan pelatihan bidan dan pada faktor pendorong penting memperhatikan perilaku ibubersalin.Diperlukan penambahan pendidikan karakter bidan (soft skill) ke dalam kurikulum pendidikan bidan. Pemerintah Kabupaten Bantul perlu meningkatkan pembinaan dan pelatihan tentang Program Inisiasi Menyusu Dini kepada Bidan Praktek Swasta serta peningkatan Komunikasi, Informasi dan Edukasi (KIE) kepada masyarakat terutama tentang Inisiasi Menyusu Dini.

The result of Basic Health Research in 2010 showed that the coverage of the National infant early initiation of breastfeeding was very low at 29.3%, as well as coverage in Bantul in 2011 was still low at 43.42%. The results of a theoretical study of low coverage of early initiation of breastfeeding allegedly due to factors of predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence Private Practice Midwives in implementing early initiation of breastfeeding. Research had been done in Bantul by using mixed method research design with concurrent embedded strategy. Source of the data were taken from respondents of Private Practice Midwives and maternal in Bantul. The data were collected by usingcovered questionnaires and in-depth interviews.The results are: 1) predisposing factor (age midwives, midwifery education,length of working midwives, midwives knowledge and attitude of midwives),midwives attitudes only significantly affect to the early initiation of breastfeeding with p<0.001 (p<0,05); 2) enabling factor (midwives training) significantly affects to the early initiation of breastfeeding at p=0.004 (p<0.05), 3) the result of the multivariable analysis shows that the attitude of the most influential midwives toward early initiation of breastfeeding at OR = 6.16 (95% CI: 2.27 to 16.71). To achieve success early initiation of breastfeeding, it is important to notice midwife character variable in the predisposing factors, to consider the training of midwives in the enabling factor and it is essential to pay attention in maternal behavior in the reinforcing factor. It is required the addition of a midwife character education (soft skills) intomidwifery education curriculum. Bantul Government needs to improve the development and training of early initiation of breastfeeding program for Private Practice Midwives and improving communication, information and education to thecommunity, especially on early initiation of breastfeeding