Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Proceeding Biotech

Application Of Water Used Efficiency Technology And Straw Compost (Sobari Method) To Accelerate Paddy Soils Health Remediation And To Increase Rice Productivity

The vey intensive of paddy soil cultivation and the use of inorganic fertilizers has accelerated the degradation of paddy soils health (low content of org-C and low soil biodiversity) and the occurrence of leveling off for increment of rice yield. Recently, about 70% of paddy soils area in Indonesia has an organic carbon <2% and categorized as sick soils or fatigue soils. An effort to remediate the soil health and to increase the productivity of paddy soils can be conducted by adopting organic based water used efficiency technology, known as system organic based aerobic rice intensification (SOBARI) and using the compost straw as main source organic fertilizers. The rice straw is highly available (about 1.5 X rice grain yield or equivalent to 8 – 12 ton/ha/season or 4 – 6 ton straw compost) and can be used as main source of organic fertilizers for paddy soils. Straw compost is main source of K and Si which are very important for paddy rice and can be used to reduce the application inorganic fertilizers up to 50%. In addition, the returning of straw compost into soils play important role in providing the energy source for soil organism and reactivated soils as a naturally biofertilizers reactor or fabrics in SOBARI methods (aerobic or non permanent flooding paddy rice). Soil organism biodiversity is highly depend on oxygen and the availability of organic matter as source of energy and nutrition. The remediation of paddy soils is occurred by increasing the organic carbon content, soil biological power and revitalized the soil food web in supporting the plant growth and nutrient supply. Review of research and field results of SOBARI method has been conducted since 2007 up to 2010, in some areas in Java, it can increase rice yield significantly, two-fold higher compared with the cultivation of anaerobic and without giving organic material. Results of laboratory tests and pots in the greenhouse in 2010, turned out to aerobic and anaerobic culture systems reveal biodiversity of soil microorganisms vary depending on environment and frequency of application of organic fertilizer. The long duration of compost incorporation on the decomposer formula added effect on soil productivity (Corganic, N-total, C / N and CEC soil). The significant remediation of paddy soils health or quality will be expected within 4 – 6 times application of compost straw or planting season