Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

Kompetensi Calon Perawat

Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari unsur-unsur yang membentuk kompetensi calon perawat profesional pemula, hubungannya dengan orientasi vokasional, orientasi akademik dan motivasi kebutuhan dasar, pada mahasiswa Akademi Perawatan (Akper) tingkat akhir yang dikelola Departemen Kesehatan (Depkes), Pemerintah Kabupaten (Pemkab) dan Yayasan Swasta di Jawa Barat. Pendekatan dan metode penelitian causal comparative dengan analisis statistik model MCA digunakan komputer pada program SPSS. Landasan teoretik yang digunakan berkaitan dengan ilmu administrasi, yaitu: kompetensi, perilaku organisasi, motivasi, kepemimpinan, dan komitmen terhadap pelaksanaan praktik asuhan, diterapkan dalam pendidikan diploma tiga keperawatan. Fokus penelitian ini adalah, kompetensi yang dimiliki calon perawat ditinjau dari prestasi hasil belajar, komitmen terhadap pelaksanaan asuhan, kepemimpinan, dikaitkan dengan orientasi vokasional, orientasi akademik dan motivasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara orientasi vokasional, orientasi akademik, dan motivasi dengan prestasi hasil belajar, serta kepemimpinan adalah lemah dan kurang signifikan (p>0,05). Hubungan antara motivasi dengan komitmen terhadap pelaksanaan praktik asuhan adalah besar dan signifikan (p0,05). Pola hubungan antar variabel orientasi akademik, orientasi vokasional dan motivasi terhadap kompetensi pada mahasiswa Akper Depkes berlaku pula bagi mahasiswa pada Akper Pemkab dan Yayasan Swasta. Pada mahasiswa Akper Pemkab, pengaruh orientasi akademik, orientasi vokasional dan motivasi terhadap komitmen mereka pada nilai-nilai moral dalam praktik adalah signifkan (p0.05) pada Akper Depkes. Angka rata-rata prestasi hasil belajar kumulatif, komitmen terhadap praktik asuhan dan kepemimpinan pada mahasiswa Akper Depkes lebih tinggi dibanding dengan mahasiswa Akper Swasta dan Pemkab. Angka rata-rata ketiga dimensi kompetensi pada mahasiswa Akper Swasta lebih tinggi dibanding dengan angka rata-rata pada Akper Pemerintahan Kabupaten. Manajemen pendidikan diploma tiga yang dikelola Depkes bisa dijadikan model rujukan bagi manajemen pendidikan diploma tiga yang dikelola Swasta dan Pemerintahan Kabupaten.

The objectives of this research were to study elements forming the candidates of primary nurse professional competence, and to study its correlation with vocational orientation, academic orientation and basic needs motivation, differenciating between management by Departement of Health (DH) Local Government (LG) and Private (PR). The quntitative research with using statistical analysis models of multiple classifications analysis (MCA) by the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) computer program, were used. The fundamental of theories and concepts were used in relations of science in educational administration and policy analysis particularly professional competencies, organizational behaviour, motivation, effectiveness leadership traits, social attitude and professional commitment to moral values in professional practice, have been applied in the primmary professional nursing education. Framework and focus of of this research was the primary professional nurse candidate which competencies, collected from senior students achievement, students commitment to the moral values in the practice, and the effectiveness of leadership traits, orientation and motivation, based on by management DH LG and PR. The result of this study shows that the relations of vocational orientation, academic orientation and basic need motivation with the students achievement and the effectiveness of leadership traits, of Akper of DH, LG and PR were weak and not significant (p>0,05). On all student the relations of vocational orientation, academic orientation and basic need motivation were strongly enough and significant of their commitment to moral values in nursing practice (p0.05). The result also demonstrate that the three dimensions of professional competences: student achievement, student commitment to moral values in nursing practice and the effectiveness of leadership traits had a weak correlation and not significant (p>0.05). The student achievement scores and their commitment to the moral value score in the nursing practice, is influenced actually by the general effect and specifically effects of gender. Although, nurse female student, empahty has been more motivated, but she has lower commitment to the moral value in the the nursing care practice than nursing male student. Each student has been strength and weakness of the professonal competence.

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