Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

Efek Substitusi Konsentrat Oleh Daun Kering Kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) Dalam Ransum Sapi Perah Terhadap Kuantitas Dan Kualitas Susu, Bobot Badan, Dan Pendapatan Peternak

Penelitian dilaksanakan di kelompok sapi perah Harapan Jaya, desa Haurngombong, Tanjungsari, Sumedang. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk mengetahui dampak subtitusi konsentrat oleh daun kering Kaliandra dalam ransum sapi perah terhadap kuantitas dan kualitas produksi susu, perubahan bobot badan, dan pendapatan peternak sapi perah di kelompok peternak sapi perah Harapan Jaya anggota KSU Tandangsari, Tanjungsari, Sumedang. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) empat perlakuan dan empat kelompok yang dikenakan pada 16 ekor sapi perah dengan ransum perlakuan terdiri atas R1 (rumput+100% konsentrat), R2 (rumput+90% konsentrat+10% daun kering Kaliandra), R3 (rumput+80% konsentrat+20% daun kering Kaliandra), dan R4 (rumput+70% konsentrat +30% daun kering Kaliandra). Peubah yang diamati adalah kuantitas dan kualitas susu dengan analisis statistik kontras ortogonal dan pendapatan bersih usahaternak dianalisis berdasarkan anggaran parsial. Hasil penelitian memberi kesimpulan bahwa substitusi konsentrat oleh daun kering Kaliandra sampai 20% dalam ransum mempengaruhi kuantitas produksi susu 4% FCM tetapi tidak terhadap produksi harian, kualitas susu, dan perubahan bobot badan sapi perah serta memberi tambahan pendapatan bagi peternak sapi perah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka disarankan bahwa untuk penerapan di lapangan agar produksi susu meningkat dan memberi manfaat ekonomi sebaiknya digunakan daun Kaliandra sebanyak 20% sebagai pengganti konsentrat.

The research was conducted at Harapan Jaya dairy cattle group, Haurngombong village, Tanjungsari, Sumedang. The objective of the research was to know the role of Kaliandra(Calliandra calothyrsus) dry leaf substituting the dairy cattle concentate on the quality and quantity of milk yield, animal weight, and farmer’s income. The treatments were divided into four treatment R1 (rice straw + 100% concentrate), R2 (rice straw + 90% concentrate + 10% Kaliandra leaf), R3 (rice straw + 80% concentrate + 20% Kaliandra leaf), and R4 (rice straw + 70% concentrate + 30% Kaliandra leaf). The experiment used 16 heads of dairy cattle and it was divided into four blocks as repliation and replicated four times. The experimenal design used was a randomized block design for milk quantity and quality and the mean of treatment was statistically analyzed using orthogonal contrast. The farmer’s net income was analyzed using the partial budget analysis. The research gives the result that concentrate substitution using Calliandra dry leaf up to 20% level affects the 4% FCM of milk yield but it does not affects the milk quality and average daily gain and also gives a raise on farmer’s income. Based on the research action it is suggested that 20% substitution of the concentrate using Kaliandra leaf for feeding the lactating cows is the best method to increase the milk production and to give economic use.