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Penambahan Selenium dalam Tauge dan Analisa Spesies Selenium (Selenium Enrichment in Mung Bean Sprouts andSpeciation Analysis of the Selenium Compounds )

Penambahan Selenium dalam Tauge dan Analisa Spesies Selenium (Selenium Enrichment in Mung Bean Sprouts andSpeciation Analysis of the Selenium Compounds )
Rusiati
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Indonesia
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Seleniummerupakan zat gizi esensial bagi kesehatan tubuh manusia. Tauge, sayuran yang umum dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia, kaya akan vitamin, mineral danphytochemicals serta mudah untuk di budi daya, tetapi rendah kandungan seleniumnya. Diharapkan nilai gizi dan manfaat kesehatan sayuran ini akan meningkat jika diperkaya dengan selenium. Oleh karena itu studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi akumulasi selenium di dalam tauge dan mengidentifikasi spesies dari selenium yang ada didalamnya. Tauge di tanam dengan tiga kondisi sebagai berikut: 1) biji direndam satu malam (12 jam) dalam larutan selenium (sodium selenite) dengan konsentrasi 1.0, 5.0, atau 10.0 µg/ml kemudian disiram dua kali sehari (pagi dan sore) dengan larutan yang sama; 2) direndam satu malam dalam larutan selenium (sodium selenite) dengan konsentrasi 1.0, 5.0, atau 10.0 µg/mlkemudian disiram dua kali sehari (pagi dan sore) dengan air; dan 3) direndam satu malam dalam air kemudian disiram dua kali sehari (pagi dan sore) dengan larutan selenium (sodium selenite) dengan konsentrasi 1.0, 5.0, atau 10.0 µg/ml. Penanaman dilakukan pada suhu 250C selama 5 hari. Setelah dipanen, tauge dibilas lima kali dengan ultra pure water (Milli-Q) untuk memastikan tidak ada larutan selenium yang menempel di permukaan tauge, selanjutnyatauge dimasukkan ke dalam kantung plastik dan disimpan pada suhu -800C sampai waktu dilakukan analisa. Total seleniumdiukur menggunakan metode Watkinson yang dimodifikasi. Hasilnya, tauge yang direndam dan disiram dengan larutan selenium memiliki kandungan selenium tertinggi: 0.51±0.17µg/gr (accumulation rate 0.51), 2.58±1.72µg/gr (accumulation rate 0.51), dan5.19±0.58µg/gr (accumulation rate 0.51) dari 1.0, 5.0,and10.0 µg/mlsodium selenite). Terdapat perbedaan total selenium yang signifikan antara ketiga kondisi penanaman yang diberikan larutan selenium dengan konsentrasi 1.0 µg/mldan 10.0 µg/ml(p value < 0.05).Analisa spesies selenium menggunakan high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) yang dihubungkan dengan inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)menemukan selenomethionineyang terkandungdalam tauge. Diperlukan analisa lebih lanjut untuk spesies lain yang belum dapat teridentifikasi dalam studi ini.

Seleniumis an essentialnutrient that is important for human nutrition and health. Mung bean sprouts, daily consumed by Indonesian people, are vegetables containing high vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals that are easy to be cultivated but contain small amounts of selenium. It is expected to increase its nutritional value and health benefit if these sprouts are enriched with selenium. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the seleniumaccumulation rate in mung bean sprouts as well as to identify its seleniumchemical form. Mung beans were cultivated in three conditions as follow: 1) beans were soaked for one night (12 hours) in seleniumsolutions as sodium selenite with concentrations 1.0, 5.0, or 10.0 µg/ml in tap water and thenmoisturized twice a day (morning and evening) with selenite solution with same concentrations; 2) soaked for one night in 1.0, 5.0, or 10.0 µg/mlsodium selenite and then moisturized twice a day with tap water; and 3) soaked for one night in tap water and then moisturized twice a day with 1.0, 5.0, or 10.0 µg/mlsodium selenite. Cultivation was done at 250C for 5 days. After harvested, the sprouts were washed five times with ultra pure water (Milli-Q)to ensure that no selenium solution was attached in the surface of sprouts, then put into plastic bags and stored at -800C until analysis. Total seleniumwas measured by using modification of Watkinson’s method resulting that mung bean sprouts soaked and moisturized with seleniumsolution had the ighestseleniumconcentration: 0.51±0.17µg/gr (accumulation rate 0.51), 2.58±1.72µg/gr (accumulation rate 0.51), and 5.19±0.58µg/gr (accumulation rate 0.51) from 1.0, 5.0,and10.0 µg/mlsodium selenite, respectively). There were significant differences of total selenium from those three conditions enriched with 1.0 µg/mland 10.0 µg/mlselenite solution (p value < 0.05) Selenium speciation was analyzed by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) connected to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)and revealed that there is a form of selenomethionineavailable in mung bean sprouts cultivated with sodium selenite as well as the unknown species found that required further study to identify.

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