Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

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Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Usaha Terhadap Kerugian Akibat Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Dalam Pelaksanaan Perjanjian E-Logistics Sebagai Upaya Pengembangan Logistik Nasional

Kemajuan pesat di bidang telematika mendorong pelaku usaha logistik melakukan transaksi electronic-logistics (e-Logistics). Namun demikian, dalam penyelenggaraannya, pelaku usaha belum secara maksimal menerapkan sistem elektronik secara andal dan aman, sehingga terjadi kegagalan fungsi sistem elektronik (malfunction) yang disebabkan perbuatan melawan hukum sehingga mengakibatkan kerugian dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian e-Logistics. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha terhadap kerugian akibat perbuatan melawan hukum dan perkembangan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha terhadap kerugian apabila terjadi malfunction yang disebabkan oleh perbuatan melawan hukum serta konsep pengembangan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha terhadap kerugian akibat perbuatan melawan hukum dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian e- Logistics di Indonesia sebagai upaya pengembangan logistik nasional. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif. Spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-analitis. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi dokumen (data sekunder). Metode analisa data disajikan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Analisa data juga menggunakan pendekatan perbandingan hukum yaitu tanggung jawab Pelaku Usaha Pos di Jerman dan di Swiss dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian e-Logistics. Lokasi penelitian adalah Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, dan Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanggung jawab pelaku usaha terhadap kerugian akibat perbuatan melawan hukum dalam pelaksanaan e-Logistics, meliputi tanggung jawab atas kelalaian (negligence liability), profesi (proffesional liability), dan produk (strict product liability). Perkembangan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha terhadap kerugian akibat malfunction yang disebabkan perbuatan melawan hukum dalam pelaksanaan e-Logistics, dilandasi oleh interactive justice dan ex-ante liability, melalui penerapan safety regulation dan standar-standar (SDM, sistem, perangkat, layanan, operasi, bisnis, dan kualitas) yang umum berlaku dalam dunia usaha, sehinggapelaksanaan sistem elektronik (e-Logistics) berlangsung secara secure connection dan trustworthy. Konsep pengembangan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha terhadap kerugian akibat perbuatan melawan hukum dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian e-Logistics sebagai upaya pengembangan logistik nasional, diupayakan melalui Rancangan Peraturan Menteri Komunikasi Dan Informatika di Bidang Logistik yang diselenggarakan oleh pelaku usaha Pos (RPM Kominfo Bidang Logistik – Pos). RPM ini meliputi tanggung jawab, status, peran, fungsi, legalitas badan usaha/hukum, perjanjian, undang-undang, yang memuat aspek-aspek legal audit, syarat minimum, standarisasi perangkat, sertifikasi elektronik, sertifikasi keandalan, lisensi, dan asuransi. Selanjutnya, dikorelasikan dengan pengendalian sistem elektronik (e-logistics) berdasarkan fungsi dan peran organisasi (SDM dan perangkat). Penerapannya dapat merujuk pada praktik Pelaku Usaha Pos di Jerman dan Swiss. Konsep pengembangan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha berkaitan dengan pengembangan sistem logistik nasional (Sislognas) yang terkoneksi dengan jejaring logistik ASEAN dan global secara online (one-stop world wide connection and communication of trade messages delivery system).

Rapid progress in the field of telematics encourage businesses logistics-logistics electronic transactions (e-Logistics). However, in its implementation, businesses not optimally impleme nted electronic system reliably and safely, so that the electronic system malfunction caused by an unlawful act resulting in the loss of e-Logistics execution of the agreement. This study aims to find businesses liable for losses caused by tort liability and the development of businesses against losses in case of malfunction caused by tort liability as well as concept development businesses against loss due to a tort in the implementation of e-treaty Logistics in Indonesia as a national logistics development efforts. This research method using normative juridical approach. Specification of the research is descriptive-analytical. Data was collected through the study of documents (secondary data). Methods of data analysis are presented in descriptive qualitative. Data analysis also uses a comparative approach to the legal responsibilities of Post Business Actors in Germany and in Switzerland in the implementation of e-Logistics. Study site is Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, and Yogyakarta. Results showed that entrepreneurs responsibility for losses due to unlawful act in the implementation of e-Logistics, including negligence liability, professional liability, and strict product liability. Responsibility for the development of businesses against loss due to malfunction resulting in the implementation of tort e-Logistics, guided by interactive justice and ex-ante liability, through the implementation of safety regulation and standards (HR, systems, devices, services, operations, business , and quality) are commonly applicable in the business world, so that the implementation of the electronic system (e-Logistics) take place in a secure and trustworthy connection. Concept development responsibilities businesses against loss due to a tort in the implementation of e-Logistics agreement as a national logistics development efforts, pursued through the draft ministerial regulations in the field of communication and information logistics are organized by postal businesses. Draft of Ministerial Regulations includes responsibilities, status, roles, functions, legal entity / law, treaties, legislation, which includes the legal aspects of the audit, the minimum requirements, standardization of devices, electronic certification, reliability certification, licensing, and insurance. Furthermore, correlated with the electronic control system (e-logistics) based on the function and role of the organization (HR and devices). Its application can refer to the practice of business communities in the German and Swiss Post. Concept development responsibilities businesses related to the development of national logistics system (Sislognas) are connected to networks and global logistics online ASEAN (one-stop wide web connection and communication of trade messages delivery system).

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