Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

Korelasi Metode Pembelajaran Preceptorship Dengan Pengetahuan Dan Keterampilan Pemeriksaan Kehamilan

Menurut International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) bahwa kurikulum pendidikan bidan berbasis kompetensi meliputi pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan. Ketiga elemen tersebut mempunyai keterkaitan dengan isi kurikulum dan metode pembelajaran, sehingga dapat meningkatkan keterampilan klinis dengan menerapkan metode pembelajaran preceptorship. Untuk mengoptimalkan komponen/kondisi dalam proses belajar mengajar di klinik yang berbeda maka metode pembelajaran konvensional perlu dikembangkan menjadi metode pembelajaran preceptorship. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengukur perbedaan metode pembelajaran preceptorship dan metode konvensional terhadap pengetahuan dan keterampilan pemeriksaan kehamilan, serta menganalisis korelasi metode pembelajaran preceptorship dengan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pemeriksaan kehamilan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi exprimental design dengan rancangan non randomized control group pretest postest design yang dilaksanakan pada periode Desember 2013 sampai dengan Februari 2014. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik random sampling. Untuk menganalisis perbedaan metode pembelajaran preceptorship dan metode konvensional terhadap pengetahuan pemeriksaan kehamilan digunakan analisis chi-kuadrat terhadap mahasiswi kebidanan di Prodi Kebidanan FK Unpad (kelompok intervensi) dan mahasiswi kebidanan di Poltekkes TNI AU Ciumbuleuit (kelompok kontrol) dengan jumlah sampel masing-masing sebesar 30 orang. Untuk menganalisis korelasi metode pembelajaran preceptorship dengan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pemeriksaan kehamilan digunakan analisis Rank Spearman terhadap mahasiswi kebidanan di Prodi Kebidanan FK Unpad (kelompok intervensi) dan mahasiswi kebidanan di Poltekkes TNI AU Ciumbuleuit (kelompok kontrol) dengan jumlah sampel masing-masing sebesar 40 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pemeriksaan kehamilan (p<0,05) antara metode pembelajaran preceptorship dan metode konvensional. Penelitian juga menunjukkan korelasi rendah antara metode pembelajaran preceptorship dan pengetahuan pemeriksaan kehamilan (r=0,266) serta korelasi sedang antara metode pembelajaran preceptorship dan keterampilan pemeriksaan kehamilan (r=0,469). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode pembelajaran preceptorship yang dilakukan di lahan praktik meningkatkan keterampilan mahasiswi kebidanan dalam pemeriksaan kehamilan.

The International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) suggests that the competency-based midwifery education curriculum should include knowledge, attitudes and skills.. These three elements have a relationship with curriculum content and teaching methods in such a way that can improve clinical skills by applying preceptorship learning methods. In order to optimise teaching and learning conditions (components) in different clinics, it is important to develop conventional learning methods into a preceptorship method. This study was aimed to measure differences in student's prenatal care knowledge and skills between applying the conventional and preceptorship methods, and to analyse the correlation between the preceptorship method and student's prenatal care knowledge and skills. The research methods used in this study was a quasi experimental design with non-randomized control group pretest posttest design that were conducted between December 2013 and February 2014. Sample was chosen using a random sampling technique. In order to analyse the differences between the conventional and preceptorship methods to students's prenatal care knowledge chi-square analysis was used to midwifery student's at the Midwifery Study Program of the Faculty of Medicine Unpad (intervention group) and the Polytechnic Air Force Ciumbuleuit (control group), with the number of samples from each group was 30 students. In order to analyse the correlation between the preceptorship learning methods and student's prenatal knowledge and skills Spearman Rank analysis was used to midwifery students at the Midwifery Study Program at the Faculty of Medicine Unpad (intervention group) and midwifery students at the TNI AU (Air Force) polytechnic of obstetrics Ciumbuleuit (control group), with the number of samples from each group was 40 students. The results showed that there was difference between applying the conventional and preceptorship methods on student's prenatal care knowledge and prenatal care skills (p <0.05). The result also indicated that there was low correlation between the preceptorship learning methods and student's prenatal care knowledge (r =0.266), but there was a medium correlation between the preceptorship methods and student's prenatal care skills (r =0.469). Based on these results it can be concluded that the application of the preceptorship learning method in the practice field can increase prenatal care skills of midwifery students.