Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

Kajian Model Program Peningkatan Ketahanaan Pangan Rumahtangga Miskin di Wilayah Pesisir Kabupaten Cirebon, Propinsi Jawa Barat – The Study Of Food Security Increasing Program Model Of Poor Household In Coastal Area, Cirebon District, West Java

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi program ketahanan pangan dan pengentasan kemiskinan, faktor yang mendukung keberhasilan program ketahanan pangan, dan merumuskan rekomendasi model peningkatan ketahanan pangan yang terintegrasi dengan pengentasan kemiskinan. Tempat penelitian di Kabupaten Cirebon, sebagai wilayah pesisir yang relatif rawan pangan. Sasaran penelitian adalah rumah tangga miskin, pejabat dan tokoh masyarakat di tingkat desa, kecamatan dan kabupaten. Metode penelitian adalah survei deskriptif dengan analisis data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara yuridis formal, tidak ada program ketahanan pangan yang terintegrasi dengan kemiskinan. Beberapa program ketahanan pangan mempunyai sasaran sama dengan program pengentasan kemiskinan yakni rumah tangga miskin, misalnya Raskin dan Bantuan Langsung Tunai. Faktor-faktor utama yang menyebabkan berhasil atau gagal suatu program adalah kemauan politis pemda setempat, dukungan pemerintah propinsi dan pusat, sosialisasi dan edukasi sasaran program. Secara umum masyarakat menghendaki program ketahanan pangan dan pengentasan kemiskinan dipertahankan dengan sasaran yang tepat, sosialisasi dan edukasi yang jelas, serta implementasi yang sesuai dengan rencana. Model program ketahanan pangan yang terintegrasi dengan pengentasan kemiskinan adalah mengoptimalkan program yang sudah ada dengan sasaran tunggal rumahtangga miskin, disertai koordinasi yang jelas antar dinas di bawah pengawasan langsung Bupati sebagai Ketua Dewan Katahanan Pangan Daerah.

The purpose of this research was to identify food security programs and pull out poverty, the factors that resulting success or failures against the program, and summarizing the recommendation of food security increasing model which is integrated with poverty pulling out. Research site taken place at Cirebon Regency, as a coast area which is dry and relatively having less tenacity against food security compared to the other areas in West Java. The research target against micro limitation is the poor household which is the participant of every food security program or poverty pulling out. At the mezo limitation are the functionaries and public figure at village, regency and sub-district stages. Implemented research method was a descriptive survey with data analysis quantitatively and qualitatively. The result of this research shows that in a formal jurisdiction way, there is no food security program integrated with poverty. Even in reality there is a program that possesses double goals which are poverty pull out and food security such as Raskin and BLT. The factors that cause success or failure of a program are the politic willingness of local government and the support from province and central government. Publicly the society is able to receive local government policy if there is an obvious communication, information and education with an implementation that work as planned. Food security upgrade model program which integrated with poverty is to optimize existed program targeting poor household, with a clear coordination between agencies under direct surveillance of Sub-district head as the Chairman of Local Food Security Board.