Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

People who inject drugs and HIV transmission in Indonesia: a biopsychosocial approach

Background: People who inject drugs (PWID) have constituted to be a major component of the country’s HIV epidemic. Despite implementation of several programs, HIV risk behavior is still high and coverage of harm reduction is still low. Therefore, the biopsychosocial factors in PWID should be better studied to formulate more suitable intervention. Methods: Literature studies and several researches among PWID have been studied to describe the socio-demographic characteristics, the risk behavior, the determinants of access to drug treatment, the co-occurring problems, and the quality of life of PWID and to explore family involvement in HIV care. Results: Addiction is a result of the combination of different biopsychosocial factors. In communities, there were former and current PWID. Those who never accessed treatment were younger compared to methadone patients (28 ±4 vs. 30 ±4 years), had a shorter history of injecting drug use, lower education, lower level of occupation and income. The most frequent co-occurring disorders in 112 methadone patients were hepatitis C (92%), HIV (77%), benzodiazepine abuse (56%), and anxiety disorders (32%). Severity of psychiatric and physical problems was associated with lower quality of life. The hope of family for the future of HIV patients is high although they perceive more worry about their sick relative. Conclusion: Comprehensive treatment is essential and related with better quality of life. Perceived worrying behavior in family of HIV patients with IDU history is high and should be addressed to increase the support from the family.