Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

Pengaruh Program Edukasi Berbasis Komunitas Terhadap Self-management Lansia Hipertensi Di Puskesmas Gombong 2 Kebumen (The Influence Of Community Based Education Rogram Toward Self-management Of The Elderly With Hyppertension In Community Health Center Gombong 2 Kebumen)

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan salah satu jenis penyakit kronik dan cenderung terjadi pada saat usia seseorang semakin bertambah. Hipertensi dapat menyebabkan berbagai macam komplikasi. Pencegahan komplikasi hipertensi pada lansia salah satunya dengan melaksanakan self-management hipertensi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh program edukasi berbasis komunitas terhadap self-management lansia hipertensi. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experiment dengan rancangan pre and post test control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode cluster sampling dengan jumlah 60 sampel. Subjek dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol yang menerima edukasi rutin dan kelompok perlakuan yang menerima edukasi rutin dan edukasi berbasis komunitas tentang self management hipertensi selama 4 minggu. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dua kali dengan menggunakan kuesioner self-management hipertensi. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan adalah analisid deskriptif dan analisis inferensial dengan menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total nilai self-management hipertensi pada kelompok perlakuan secara signifikan lebih tinggi setelah menerima program edukasi berbasis komunitas dibandingkan total nilai sebelum perlakuan (p=0,000). Selain itu, total nilai self-management dari kelompok perlakuan secara signifikan lebih tinggi daripada kelompok kontrol pada minggu keempat (p=0,000). Subvariabel self-management tentang diet, merokok, aktifitas fisik, manajemen stress, pengendalian berat badan, alkohol, monitoring tekanan darah dan pengobatan mengalami peningkatan setelah diberikan program edukasi berbasis komunitas. Diskusi dan Kesimpulan: Perawat komunitas dapat melakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan melibatkan kader kesehatan untuk berperan sebagai edukator dan membentuk sebuah kelompok penderita hipertensi di desa dalam rangka meningkatkan self-management hipertensi.

Background: Hypertension is a chronic desease which tend to happen when someone’s age is getting old. Hypertension can cause complication. One of the ways to prevent hypertension complication of the elderly is by using self-management. Aim: This study is aimed to determine The influence of commuinity based education program toward self-management of the elderly with hypertension in Community Health Center 2 Kebumen Methods: The study method is quasi experiment with pre and post test control group design. The samples consist of 60 respondents taken by using cluster sampling technique. The subjects were divided into control group that given routine education and experiment group that given routine community based education about self-management for 4 weeks. The data were taken using questionaire about hypertension self-management. The data analyses techniques are descriptive and inferensial analyses techniques using unpaired t-test. Result: The results of the study show that the self-management total values of the experiement group were significantly bigger after given community based education program compared to the total values before given the treatment (p=0.000). The self management total values of the experiment group were significantly higher than control group in the 4th week (p=0.000). The self-management sub variables about diet, smoking, physical activities, stress management, body weight control, alcohol, blood pressure monitoring and medication were increased after given community based education. Discussion and Conclusion: Community nurses can conduct society empowerment by involving the health practitioner cadres to play role as the educators and create a group of people with hypertension in the village to increase hypertension self-management.