Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

Rancangan Modul Pelatihan Self-Management Dalam Memasang Pembalut Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Ibu Menerapkan Pembelajaran Pada Anak Intellectual Disability Usia 9-17 Tahun Yang Sudah Menstruasi

Anak intellectual disability taraf moderat mulai mengalami menstruasi ketika berusia 9-17 tahun. Namun banyak diantara mereka belum bisa memasang pembalut sendiri. Salah satu cara agar anak intellectual disability bisa mandiri dalam memasang pembalut adalah melalui self-management. Ibu sebagai perempuan yang paling dekat dengan anak berperan mengajarkan self-management dalam memasang pembalut. Oleh karena itu, ibu perlu diberikan pelatihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan menguji coba modul pelatihan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan ibu menerapkan pembelajaran self-management dalam memasang pembalut anak intellectual disability usia 9-17 tahun yang sudah menstruasi. Modul dirancang menggunakan konsep self-management dari Wilkinson (2008) dan buku Managing Menstruation dari Taylor dan rekan-rekan (2010). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi experiment dengan rancangan penelitian one-group pretest-posttest design. Partisipan penelitian dijaring menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Partisipan penelitian berjumlah 3 orang. Uji coba pelatihan dilakukan selama 1 hari dengan durasi 2 jam 20 menit. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuesioner pre-test dan post-test untuk mengukur pengetahuan ibu. Kuesioner evauasi pelatihan digunakan untuk mengukur reaksi peserta pelatihan. Wawancara dilakukan untuk mengetahui penerapan hasil pembelajaran di rumah. Lembar pencatatan digunakan untuk mengetahui keberhasilan anak ketika ibu melaksanakan rencana self-management dalam memasang pembalut di rumah. Data pre-test dan post-test dianalisis secara deskriptif. Data yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu mengenai self-management dalam memasang pembalut anak intellectual disability usia 9-17 tahun. Selain itu, diperoleh data bahwa secara umum peserta memiliki reaksi positif terhadap pelatihan. Ketiga orang partisipan mampu menerapkan sebagian hasil pembelajaran di rumah. Hasilnya, anak dapat memasang pembalut dengan mandiri setelah 1-2 bulan.

Moderate intellectual disability children started menstruating when they were 9-17 years old. But most of them have not been able to put menstrual pad by themselves. One way for intellectual disability children to be independent in putting menstrual pad is through self-management. Mother as a woman who is most attached to the child have role in teaching a child’s self-management in putting a menstrual pad. Therefore, mothers need a training. This research aims to design and test the training module to improve the mother’s ability to apply the learning of self-management in putting menstrual pad of 9-17 years old children with intellectual disability whom have experienced menstruation. The module is designed using the self-management concept of Wilkinson (2008) and Managing Menstruation book by Taylor and colleagues (2010). This is a quasi-experimental research with one-group pretest-posttest design. Participants in this research are selected using purposive sampling techniques. Research participants were 3 people. The trial has been conducted for 1 day with 2 hours 20 minutes duration. Pre-test and post-test questionnaires were used to measure the mother’s knowledge. Training evaluation questionnaires was used to measure participants’ reaction. Interviews were conducted to determine the applicability of the learning at home. Recording sheet was used to determine the success of the child when the mother implement self-management plan at home. Pre-test and post-test data were analyzed descriptively. The data indicated that the training can improve the mother’s knowledge about self-management in putting menstrual pad of 9-17 years old intellectual disability children. In addition, data indicated that participants generally had a positive reaction to the training. The participants were able to apply some of the learning at home. As a result, the daughters can put menstrual pad independently after 1-2 months.