Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

Partnership Development Of Coffee Farmers Group In Facing The Global Market (Case Study on the Coffee Farmers Group “RahayuTani”, Bandung West Java)

Economic globalization and trade liberalization led to an increasingly competition and integration of commodity markets, so that adjustment on agricultural production and institutional businesses are required. One of the coffee’s producers is the farmers in the Coffee Farmers Group (CFG) RahayuTani – CFG-RT, mostly consists of small farmers with small size farm area, lack of capital, traditional technology, and poor access to market information. In spite of those condition, CFGRT was able to improve some efforts, to achieve better prices, as well as withstand the market and operate under uncertainty. The results of this study indicated that in order to improve the competitiveness of coffee in globalization era, CFG-RT diversified their products, not only producing the regular coffee (Arabica Specialty Coffee) but also the luwak coffee (Original Arabica Civet Coffee). Luwak coffee has a special taste of the exotic, exclusive, and highly demanded – while the production was still limited because it was processed through the stomach of civets (Paradoxorus-hermaphroditus), which make the price was much more expensive than the regular coffees (niche market). Partnership conducted by CFG=RT was a multi-partite model, with its partners are: Perum Perhutani for the provision of the land, PT NugaRamitra as a mediator of coffee farmers and the markets, Koperasi Awak Garuda Indonesia (KOPAGI) as the luwak coffee exporter to Asia, and also PUM Netherlands Expert Coffee (in progress) for international certification as a prerequisite that must be fulfilled for exporting coffee to Europe. Several factors that encourage coffee farmers to join the CFG-RT are: small size cultivated area, lack of capital, low level of technology in cultivation, poor access to markets, and coffee farmers operate under uncertainty. CFG-RT partnership with her partner companies has an impact on the increasing income of coffee farmers and value-added. In facts, there were still unexpected indication due to low bargaining position of coffee farmers in determining coffee price, unfair distribution of its profit, lack of risk sharing arrangement, and coffee production constraints related to quantity, quality and continuity due to climate change.