Abstrak 
Pharmacological Studies On Β-Amyrin Plamitate Isolated From Lobelia Inflata In Central Nervous System
Prof. Dr. Anas Subarnas, M.Sc.
Universitas Padjadjaran, Pharmaceutical Institute, Tohoku University, Sendai, Jepang 1993
Bahasa Inggris
Universitas Padjadjaran, Pharmaceutical Institute, Tohoku University, Sendai, Jepang 1993
Lobelia Inflata L.
Leaves Of Lobelia Inflata L., Which Are Used As A Remedy For Spasmodic Asthma And Bronchitis, Reportedly Contain Numerous Piperidine-Type Alkaloids. The Most Important Alkaloid Of This Type, Lobeline, Has Some Pharmacological Activities On The Central Nervous System, Such As Excitation Followed By Depression With Loss Of Reflexes, Muscular Twitchings, Convulsion, And Paralysis Of The Respiratory Center. To Discover A New Compound Having Pharmacological Activity On The Central Nervous System Especially As An Antidepressant Compound From The Leaves Of L. Inflate, Phytochemical And Pharmacological Studies Were Carried Out. The Phytochemical Study Consisted Of Isolation Of A Compound Using Column Chromatography And Structure Elucidation By Means Of Spectroscopic Methods. The Pharmacological Study Included An Antidepressant Test Using The Forced Swimming Test, Other Several Behavioural Tests, And An Examination On Mechanism Of Action. The Phytochemical Study Resulted In A Potential Compound Possessing Antidepressant Activity Which Was Identified As Β-Amyrin Palmitate. In The Pharmacological Study, This Compound, Like Mianserin And Imipramine As Standard Drugs, Reduced Duration Of Immobility Of Mice Significantly In A Dose-Dependent Manner (5, 10, And 20 Mg/Kg) Tested In The Forced Swimming Method, And Antagonized Locomotor Stimulation Induced By Methamphetamine Examined In The Locomotor Activity Test. In Contrast, Imipramine (5, 10 And 20 Mg/Kg) Increased Locomotor Activity And Potentiated Methamphetamine-Induced Hyperactivity. Β -Amyrin Palmitate Showed No Effect On Resepine-Induced Hypothermia, While Mianserin (10 Mg Kg) And Imipramine (10 And 20 Mg/Kg) Antagonized The Reserpine-Induced Effect. Unlike Imipramine, Β-Amyrin Palmitate And Mianserin Did Not Affect Haloperidol-Induced Catalepsy, Tetrabenazine-Induced Ptosis And Apomorphine-Induced Stereotypy. Β-Amyrin Palmitate And Imipramine Had No Effects On The Head-Twitch Response Induced By 5-Hydroxytryptophan, Whereas Mianserin (5, 10 And 20 Mg/Kg) Decreased It In A Dose-Dependent Manner. A Potentiating Effect Of Β-Amyrin Palmitate (5, 10 And 20 Mg/Kg) On Narcosis Induced By Sodium Pentobarbitone Was Stronger Than That Of Imipramine (10, 20 And 40 Mg/Kg) But Weaker Than That Of Mianserin (2.5, 5 And 10 Mg/Kg). These Results Suggest That Β-Amyrin Palmitate Isolated From The Leaves Of L. Inflata Had Antidepressant Activity With A Mianserin-Like Profile Of Action. The Mechanism Of Antidepressant Activity Was Assumed Through The Release Of Norepinephrine From The Adrenergic Nerve Terminal As Indicated By The Assay Of [3h]Norepinephrine Release From Brain Synaptosomes Of Mice.