Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

Prevalensi Sarkopenia pada Lansia di Komunitas (Community Dwelling) berdasarkan Dua Nilai Cut-off Parameter Diagnosis (Sarcopenia Prevalence In Community-Dwelling Elderly based on Two Cut-off Points Diagnosis Parameters)

Sarkopenia, sindrom penurunan massa dan fungsi otot terkait usia dapat mengurangi kualitas hidup dan peningkatan mortalitas pada lanjut usia (lansia). Banyak metode penapisan dan definisi operasional menyebabkan angka prevalensi sarkopenia bervariasi di dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui prevalensi sarkopenia pada lansia yang tinggal di komunitas berdasarkan massa otot yang diukur dengan bioimpedance analysis, kekuatan genggam tangan menggunakan hand dynamometer, serta performa fisik melalui uji jalan 6 menit dengan mempergunakan dua nilai cut-off, nilai rekomendasi Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) dan nilai populasi lansia Taiwan karena belum didapatkan nilai cut-off populasi lansia Indonesia. Penelitian deskriptif potong lintang pada 229 partisipan (71 orang laki-laki dan 158 orang perempuan) dengan menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dilakukan pada bulan Agustus sampai Desember 2014 pada populasi lansia di Kota Bandung dan Jatinangor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka prevalensi sarkopenia berdasarkan nilai cut-off rekomendasi AWGS adalah 9,1% (7,4% untuk laki-laki dan 1,7% untuk perempuan), sedangkan prevalensi sarkopenia berdasarkan nilai cut-off populasi Taiwan sebesar 40,6% (20,1% untuk laki-laki dan 20,5% untuk perempuan). Perbedaan prevalensi yang cukup besar mendorong diperlukan penetapan nilai cut-off parameter diagnosis sarkopenia spesifik pada populasi lansia Indonesia yang tinggal di komunitas untuk dapat menentukan prevalensi sarkopenia lebih akurat.

Sarcopenia, aging muscle mass loss, and function syndromes can lead to decreased quality of life and increased elderly mortality. The availability of various screening methods and operational definitions in different studies has produced different findings of sarcopenia prevalence. The purpose of this study was to discover the prevalence of sarcopenia in Indonesian community-dwelling elderly based on muscle mass measured by bioimpedance analysis, handgrip strength using hand dynamometer, and physical performance based on six minutes walking test with two different cut-off point parameters of sarcopenia, i.e. the cut-off point recommended by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) and the cut-off point based on the reference used in Taiwan elderly population reference due to the lack of references for Indonesian elderly population. A cross-sectional study was conducted to 229 participants (71 men and 158 women) from the community-dwelling elderly population between August and December 2014 in Bandung and Jatinangor. The results of the study showed that the sarcopenia prevalence in this study based on AWGS was 9.1% (7.4% in men and 1.7% in women) while the prevalence based on the Taiwan reference revealed a prevalence of 40.6% (20.1% in men and 20.5% in women). This highly different prevalences shows the importance of defining a specific cut-off point for elderly population in community-dwelling Indonesia to get a more accurate sarcopenia prevalence.