Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

Kadar Serum Kreatinin dan Cystatin-C pada Kelompok Anak Status Gizi Kurang serta Gizi Normal

Pendahuluan: Kekurangan gizi pada anak dapat mengalami gangguan fungsi ginjal yang ditandai dengan penurunan laju filtrasi glomerulus (LFG). Pengukuran LFG dengan kreatinin serum dipengaruhi oleh massa otot, sehingga kurang akurat dibandingkan dengan cystatin C. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai perbedaan kadar kreatinin dan cystatin C serum anak gizi kurang dibandingkan dengan gizi normal berdasarkan World Health Organization child growth standard (WCGS). Metode: Penelitian potong lintang ini dilaksanakan pada April–Agustus 2012 di Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung terhadap 70 anak berusia 1-5 tahun. Mereka dibagi menjadi kelompok gizi kurang dan normal. Kadar kreatinin diperiksa dengan metode Jaffe dan cystatin C serum dengan particle enchanced immunoturbidimetric assay (PETIA). Perbedaan kreatinin dan cystatin C serum pada kedua kelompok dianalisis dengan uji t tidak berpasangan dan didapatkan perbedaan bermakna bila p<0,05. Hasil: Rerata kreatinin serum pada gizi kurang dan gizi normal adalah 0,25 mg/l [simpangan deviasi (SD)=0,06] dan 0,31 mg/l (SD=0,11) dengan p=0,001. Rerata kadar cystatin C serum pada gizi kurang dan gizi normal adalah 0,80 mg/L (SD=0,24) dan 0,71 mg/L (SD=0,22) dengan p=0,043. Kesimpulan: Dibandingkan kelompok anak gizi normal, anak gizi kurang mempunyai kreatinin serum lebih rendah dan cystatin C serum lebih tinggi. Introduction: Undernourished children may suffer renal impairement which shown as a decrease of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Measurement of GFR using serum creatinine is influenced by muscle mass, hence less acurate compared with cystatin C. The aim of this study was to determine differences of serum creatinine and cystatin C in groups of children with undernutrition and normal nutritional status based on World Health Organization child growth standard (WCGS). Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April–August 2012 at Department of Child Health Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung on 70 children aged 1–5 years. They were divided into undernutrition and normal group. Serum creatinine was examined by Jaffe method and cystatin C was by particle enchanced immunoturbidimetric assay (PETIA). The differences of serum creatinine and cystatin C level between those groups were analyzed by unpaired t test and considered significant if p<0.05. Results: The mean serum creatinine in undernutrition and normal group were 0.25 mg/l [standard deviation (SD)=0.06] and 0.31 mg/l (SD=0.11), respectively with p=0.001. The mean serum cystatin C in undernutrition and normal group were 0.80 mg/l (SD=0.24) and 0.71 mg/l (SD=0.22), respectively with p=0.043. Conclusions: In undernutrition group, serum creatinine level was lower and serum cystatin C level was higher than normal group.