Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

Potential Of Dadap Ayam (Erythrina Variegata) Plant As Herbal Medicine

Introduction: Traditional medicines originating from plants have been widely used as an alternative therapy and extensive research have identified several bioactive compounds of the plants. In Indonesia, Erythrina variegata (Leguminosae) plants have been used for medication to many diseases including anthelmintic, anticancer,antimalaria, and antifertility. Objective: In the course of our continuing search for novel bioactive compounds from Indonesian Erythrina plants, we isolated and described several bioactive compounds such as anticancer, antimalaria, and antifertility from E. variegata. Method: Activity assay in vitro against breast cancer cell T47D using the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) method, activity assay in vitro against antiplasmodium using lactatedehydrogenase (LDH) method, and antifertility activity on spermatozoa Rattus novergicus. Their chemical structures were determined based on spectroscopic evidences and comparison with related compound previously reported. Result: Extract and compounds of E. variegata showed anticancer in vitro against breast cancer cell T47D, antiplasmodial in vitro K1 and 3D7 strain parasites, and antifertility on spermatozoa R. norvegicus with midle and high activity. Besides that, the toxicity assay of it was also conducted using white mice to show the safety grade of the plant. Conclusion: This results strongly suggested that E. variegata is a promising sources as herbal medicine of anticancer, antimalaria, and antifertility agents.

Pendahuluan: Pengobatan tradisional menggunakan tumbuhan sudah digunakan secara luas sebagai pengobatan alternatif dan beberapa penelitian medis telah menemukan zat aktif yang berguna yang terkandung dalam tanaman. Tanaman dadap ayam sudah sering digunakan sebagai obat antelmintik, kanker, malaria, dan sebagai kesuburan di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menindaklanjuti hasil penelitian dengan ditemukannya zat aktif yang terkandung dalam tanaman dadap ayam Indonesia. Beberapa kandungan senyawa aktif tanaman dadap ayam ini diuji efeknya sebagai anti kanker, anti malaria, dan anti kesuburan. Metode: pengujian secara in vitro terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D menggunakan metode sulforhodamin B, pengujian terhadap antiplasmodium menggunakan metode laktatdehidrogenase, dan anti kesuburan diteliti pada aktifitas srematozoa Rattus novergicus. Struktur kimia ditentukan menggunakan spektroskopik. Hasil: Ekstrak Erythrina memberikan efek anti kanker pada sel kanker payudara T47D, anti plasmodium in vitro terhadap strain K1 dan 3D7 strain parasit, dan anti kesuburan pada spermatozoa R. novergicus aktivitas sedang dan tinggi. Selain itu, uji toksisitas dilakukan pada hewan coba tikus putih, dan hasilnya praktis tidak toksik. Simpulan Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa E. variegata efektif untuk digunakan sebagai obat herbal untuk anti kanker, anti malaria, dan agen anti kesuburan.