Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

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Pengaruh Tanaman Penutup Tanah Nephrolepis Biserrata Dan Teras Gulud Terhadap Aliran Permukaan Dan Pertumbuhan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) (The influence of cover crop Nephrolepis biserrata and ridge terrace against run off and the growth of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.))

Penanaman tanaman penutup tanah (TPT) dikategorikan sebagai kegiatan yang mendukung ISPO (Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil System) yaitu pemeliharaan tanaman dalam mendukung produktivitas tanaman. Nephrolepis biserrata merupakan salah satu gulma yang banyak tumbuh di kebun kelapa sawit, toleran naungan sehingga dapat ditanam sebagai TPT di areal kebun kelapa sawit menghasilkan. Secara mekanik, diaplikasikan teras gulud sebagai bangunan konservasi yang merupakan paduan penanaman TPT dalam mengurangi aliran permukaan, meningkatkan resapan air ke dalam tanah sehingga mendukung pertumbuhan dan produksi kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui berapa besar N. biserrata dan teras gulud mengurangi aliran permukaan dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Agustus 2014-April 2015 di unit usaha Rejosari PTPN VII, Lampung Selatan, menggunakan rancangan blok terpisah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lahan yang diberi teras gulud dan ditanami N. biserrata, tanpa teras gulud dan ditanami N. biserrata, teras gulud tanpa ditanami N. biserrata efektif mengurangi aliran permukaan berturut-turut sebesar 95.7 %, 80.0% dan 63.4%. Teras gulud dan tanaman penutup tanah N. biserrata mempengaruhi pertumbuhan kelapa sawit terutama pada peubah pertumbuhan jumlah pelepah dan jumlah pelepah patah.

Planting cover crop (CC) is considered as an activity that supports ISPO (Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil System), which is plant maintenance in order to support its productivity. Nephrolepis biserrata is one of weed which grows in the oil palm plantation, tolerant shade, so that it can be grown as cover crop on oil palm plantation. Mechanically ridge terraces applied as conservation technique which is a join match of planting CC in reducing run off, increasing infiltration so that support the growth and the production of oil palm. This study aims to know how much N. biserrata and ridge terrace able to reduce run off and its effect on the growth of oil palm .The research was done on August 2014 until April 2015 at oil palm plantation PTPN VII, Rejosari, South Lampung, used split block design. The result showed plots which ridge terraces and N. biserrata planted , plots without ridge terraces and N. biserrata planted, plots with ridge terraces without N. biserrata planted effectively reduced the flow of the surface respectively 95.7 % , 80.0 % and 63.4 %. A ridge terrace and planting of N. biserrata as cover crop influenced the growth of oil palm especially on the amount of leaves and the amount of the fall leaves.