Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstrak

Karakteristik Penderita Presbiakusis di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan THT-KL RSUP DR. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Periode Januari 2012 – Desember 2014 (Characteristics of Presbycusis in Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Faculty of Medicine Padjadjaran University /Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung Period January 2012 – December 2014)

Presbiakusis adalah gangguan pendengaran sensorineural pada usia lanjut akibat proses degenerasi organ pendengaran yang terjadi secara perlahan dan simetris pada kedua sisi telinga. Di seluruh dunia diperkirakan sekitar 30-45% masyarakat di atas umur 65 tahun didiagnosis menderita presbiakusis terutamapria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristikprebiakusis berdasarkan audiometri, usia, danjenis kelamin. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah deskriptif retrospektif. Subyek penelitian adalah data rekam medis penderita presbiakusis yang dilakukan pemeriksaan audiometri selama periode Januari 201 2—Desember 2014 di Klinik Gangguan Dengar dan Bicara Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan THT-KL FK UNPAD/RS Umum Pusat dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Didapatkan sebanyak 429 penderita presbiakusis terdiri dari 62,7% adalah laki-laki karena laki-laki urnuninya sering terpapar bising ditempat kerja dibandingkan perempuan. Penderita presbiakusis terbanyak yaitu tipe neural 35,7%, path tipe neural terjadi atrofi sel rambut pada kohlea yang dapat disebabkan oleh rnikroangiopati pada kohlea. Berdasarkan usia, yang terbanyak yaitu usia >65 tahun sebanyak 60,4%, mi berhubungan dengan proses Reactiveoxygen Species (ROS) yang sering tetjadi padausia lanjut. Penderitapresbiakusis yang datang ke Klinik Gangguan Dengar dan Bicara Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan THT-KL RS Hasan Sadikin, Bandung yang terbanyak adalah usia >65 tahun dan tipe neural.

Presbycusis is sensorineural hearing loss in the elderly due to the degeneration of auditory system that occurs slowly and symmetrically at both sides of the ear Estimated about 30-45% of people around the world, above 65 years is diagnosed with presbycusis, especially men. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of presbycusis based on audiometry, age and gender: This study was retrospective descriptive. The subject of this study was medical records of presvcusis patients who were examined during the period of January 2012 until December 2014 at the Hearing Loss Clinic, dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. Total of 429 patients were included in this study consisted of 62.7% men, because men have frequent exposure to noise at work other than women. Most presbycusis patients was neural type, which was about 35.7%. In neural type preshycusis, hair cells atrophy is found in cohlea which can be caused by microangiopathy in cohlea. Most of the patients were more than 65 years which is about 60.4%, associated with Reactiveoxygen species (ROS) processes, which often occurs in the elderly. Presbycusis patient who was observed at the hearing loss clinic of dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, are mostly above 65 years old with neural type of presbycusis.