Pustaka Ilmiah Universitas Padjadjaran

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Dampak Perubahan Iklim Pada Produksi Apel Di Batu Malang (Impacts Of Climate Change On Production Of Apple In Batu Malang)

Perubahan iklim telah menjadi isu penting yang mengakibatkan kenaikan suhu global, perubahan pola curah hujan, kenaikan muka air laut, dan peningkatan frekwensi dan intensitas cuaca ekstrim. Perubahan iklim mempunyai pengaruh signifikan pada bidang pertanian, karena pertanian mempunyai ketergantungan yang kuat terhadap unsur iklim. Terkait dengan hal itu telah dilakukan penelitian dampak perubahan iklim terhadap produksi tanaman apel di wilayah Batu Malang Jawa Timur. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak perubahan unsur iklim yaitu temperatur dan curah hujan terhadap produksi apel dan mengidentifikasi usaha adaptasi yang harus dilakukan oleh para petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah Batu Malang telah mengalami perubahan iklim. Dampak perubahan iklim tersebut terhadap penurunan produksi apel tidak signifikan. Penurunan produksi apel di Batu Malang lebih disebabkan oleh faktor non iklim seperti: tanaman apel sudah berumur tua; budidaya apel kurang intensif; konversi lahan tanaman apel; dan harga apel yang semakin turun. Adaptasi terpenting yang harus dilakukan oleh petani adalah rehabilitasi tanaman apel; menanam bibit apel yang unggul yang mampu beradaptasi dengan perubahan iklim; dan mengintensifkan teknik budidaya apel.

Climate change has become an important issue which led to the increase in global temperatures, changes in rainfall patterns, sea level rise, and increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather. Climate change has a significant impact on agriculture, because agriculture has a heavy reliance on climate elements. Associated with it has been studied the impact of climate change on the production of apples in the area of Batu Malang, East Java. The research object wasto determine the impact of climate change on the production of apples and identify adaptation efforts should be done by farmers. The results showed that the area of Batu Malang has experienced climate change. The climate change was not significantaffected on the decreased of apple production. The decreased of apple production in Batu Malang was caused by non-climatic factors such as: apple plants were too old; cultivation of apples was less intensive; conversion of apple crop land; and the price of apples were lower. The most important adaptation to be done by the farmers are the rehabilitation of the apple crops; planting of yield high variety apple that be able to adapt to climate change; and intensify the techniques of apple cultivation.