Abstrak 
Hand-wrist Radiograph Analysis
Endah Mardiati drg., M.S. Sp. Ort
Unpad
Indonesia
Unpad
Hand-Wrist Radiograph, osifikasi kartilago, Usia Skeletal
The endocrine system of the human body control the growth and the development of growing person. In some physiological Norman disturbances or imbalances the growth will be delayed or accelerated. In these cases the chronological age is often not sufficient for assessing the developmental stage and somatic maturity of the patient, so that the biologic age has to be determined. The biologic age is determined from skeletal, dental or the onset of puberty. Assessment of the skeletal age often made with the help of a hand radiograph. These growth indicators can be easily identified in different ossification stages at different age levels. The analysis of Bjork, Grave and Brown has been useful in Orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics. The ossification events are localized in the area of phalanges, carpal bones and radius. Growth stages of the fingers area assessed according to the relationship between the epiphysial and diaphyses.